That means you are totally free to store any character from any encoding and the database will happily accept and store that character. According to the official documentation, “.this setting is not so much a declaration that a specific encoding is in use, as a declaration of ignorance about the encoding.“. Contrary to how it may sound (SQL_ASCII encoding will only support ascii characters), SQL_ASCII actually does not have any encoding convention. So there are still a lot of old PostgreSQL database with SQL_ASCII encoding. For example, UTF-8 is the most common encodding that can store all unicode characters, and may use 1 to 4 bytes to denote a code point.Įven though UTF-8 is an obvious choice when creating a new database in PostgreSQL, it was not fully supported before PostgreSQL 8.1 and was not adopted right away by everyone. Without knowing the correct encoding of a text, it is not possible to encode or decode from it correctly. Joel Spolsky has a must read article about unicode and character encoding, but basically character encoding is a mapping between a set of bytes and their corresponding characters. It supports different types of encodings, e.g. PostgreSQL is one of the most popular and feature rich open source relational database. ![]() Now you may check the encoding again for the new database by following the step 1 again. Restore your data using your backup file (either the dump.sql or altered_dump.sql psql your_database This time it will use the newly updated template1 for creating the createdb -E utf8 your_database Create a new database having the same name as before.You are now connected to database "template1" as user "postgres". Postgres=# UPDATE pg_database SET datistemplate = TRUE WHERE datname = 'template1' Postgres=# CREATE DATABASE template1 WITH TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' Postgres=# UPDATE pg_database SET datistemplate = FALSE WHERE datname = 'template1' To fix this, use sed 's/AS integer//' dump.sql > altered_dump.sql This might cause issues for some applications (such as Django). OPTIONAL: On pg_dump, sequences by default are set to AS integer. Create backup of pg_dump your_database > dump.sql.From here on, we will follow the second solution which is better in my opinion. ![]() Or updating the template1 encoding to UTF8, thereby any future databases will also be based on UTF8 as well. Ĭoming back to ways of creating new database, one can either create new database using template0 and applying encoding UTF8 to it. There is also another template which is free from all preset settings called template0. This template has some preset settings already and ready for creating new databases. This command by default creates a copy of database from template1 which is the default template for creating any new database. There are two ways to proceed from here but before that its necessary to understand the process of CREATE DATABASE command. ![]() In this case, as you can see, both the template database (the first result) and your_database is based on SQL_ASCII encoding. You are now connected to database "your_database" as user "postgres". Hence we need to drop and create a new one. First of all one needs to know that encoding of already created database cannot be altered. In this blog, we will go through all steps in order to change the encoding of the database to UTF8. Unicode escape values cannot be used for code point values above 007F when the server encoding is not UTF8. In that case you will receive an error such as : Overall this should not be a big problem unless Unicode data is required to be saved in the database. If this encoding has not been changed, then the new databases will be created using this template and hence will have the same encoding SQL_ASCII. The default encoding of the template databases in PostgreSQL is set to SQL_ASCII.
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